Retiree Health Care Benefits Continue to Decline

Employer-based retirement health care insurance benefits continue steadily to decline, based on recent industry reports.

Many retirees have been able to rely on private or state employer-based retirement health benefits for supplemental health care coverage while on Medicare before, but this is becoming less common.

Employer-based health-related benefits can offer important coverage for the gaps that exist in Medicare programs. Additional coverage benefits can alleviate the cost-sharing requirements and deductibles associated with Medicare. Caps on the amount that can be spent out-of-pocket, often associated with supplemental coverage, are also often helpful for retirees.

Overall, supplemental retiree health and medical benefits sponsored by an exclusive or municipal employer have helped many retirees cope with high medical costs often incurred in retirement.

The Kaiser Family Foundation recently reported, however, that the amount of large private employers-considered employers with 200 or even more employees-offering retiree healthcare benefits has dropped from 66 percent in 1988 to 23 percent in 2015.

Companies that continue to supply retiree health benefits have already been making changes targeted at reducing the cost of benefits, including:

Instituting caps on the quantity of the provider's financial liability
Shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution plans
Offering retiree health care benefits through Medicare Advantage plan contracts
Creating benefit programs through private medical health insurance exchanges
State employers have also not been immune to the trend, but the sort and amount of coverage being provided by most states is significantly unique of retirement medical care coverage being offered by large companies.

Unlike many private employers, state governments continue to provide some degree of retiree healthcare benefits to help attract and retain talented workers, based on a written report titled "State Retiree Health Plan Spending," published by The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation in May, 2016.

With the exception of Idaho, all states currently offer newly-hired state employees some level of retirement health care benefits within their benefits package, in line with the report. Of the states offering retiree medical benefits, 38 have made the commitment to subscribe to health care premiums for the coverage being offered. State employers are, however, also making changes to the retirement medical care insurance benefits they offer to convey workers.

Significant among these changes for the states is one or more driving force-the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) now requires states to report liabilities for retirement benefits other than pensions inside their financial statements. The changes were required from all states by the finish of 2008. As a result, the increased financial transparency forced states to review the expense of their other post-employment benefits (OPEB) and address how they plan to cover them.

Because retirement healthcare benefits account for the majority of the states'OPEB obligations, many states have made policy changes to address the upcoming obligations. Factors such as for instance date of hire, date of retirement or vesting eligibility, including minimum age and minimum service year requirements, are now used by states to vary or limit retirement medical care benefits.

Overall, from 2010 to 2013, the states saw their OPEB liabilities decrease by 10 percent from $627 billion after inflation adjustments. While this may sound contradictory, the declines are attributed to a slowdown in the growth of medical care costs along with benefit modifications aimed at cost reductions.

To look at one state for example, California's recent budget revealed that health care benefits for retirees are costing their state a lot more than $2 billion annually for an 80 percent increase over the prior 10 years. Although the problem recently changed, California was previously among 18 states that had nothing reserve to cover its future retiree healthcare benefit costs of $80.3 billion.

It should be noted that retiree healthcare plans are generally funded by plan sponsors on a "pay as you go" basis, and therefore monies to pay for current and future healthcare obligations are obtained from current assets and not reserve in advance. This differs significantly from pension plans governed by ERISA, which are at the mercy of funding guidelines.

In response to California's unfunded OPEB liability, employees and the state are now paying into a fund for future retiree healthcare benefit costs. Their state can be matching $88 million in employee contributions and paying an additional $240 million to prefund future retirement healthcare benefit costs. The changes are impacting retirees in addition to state and private employers.
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Overall, employer-based retirement health care benefits, once important for supplementing Medicare for retired seniors, continue to decline.

The Potential Impact of Eroding Employer-Based Health Care Retirement Benefits

Many baby boomers who are included in retiree medical plans and plan to count on future employer-paid medical benefits, are probably be disappointed to learn that these benefit plans may be changed or terminated. ERISA-governed benefit plans typically include a "reservation of rights" provision allowing the master plan sponsor to change or terminate all or areas of the plan. Many private and state employers are reducing or terminating retiree health advantages due to the increasing cost of insurance premiums, rising healthcare costs, and increases in longevity.

Since the early 1990s there were many cases where unexpected changes to post-employment pension and medical benefits have led to lawsuits. Typically, the main element issue is the reservation of rights language and/or collective bargaining agreement language for employees have been covered by a union contract which referenced retiree medical benefits.

Beneficiaries who've questions about their retiree medical benefits should speak making use of their plan sponsor to learn about the precise benefits available in their mind and have a contingency arrange for bridging their medical coverage to Medicare, if they are considering early retirement or want to higher understand future benefits.

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